27/25 - (1) Understanding Instructional Design: A Basic Overview

Instructional design is the process of creating compelling and engaging learning experiences. This summary will break down key concepts covered in the lecture.

Key Terms in Instructional Design

1. Instructional Design – The structured approach to creating learning experiences that are effective, efficient, and appealing.
2. Instruction – A planned arrangement of learning conditions to achieve specific learning goals.
3. Learning Goals – These define what learners will acquire, including:
   • Knowledge (e.g., facts and concepts)
   • Skills (e.g., practical abilities)
   • Attitudes (e.g., mindset and perspectives)

Differences Between Education, Training, and Teaching

• Education – A broad concept that includes all experiences where people learn, both planned (e.g., classrooms) and unplanned (e.g., museums, TV programs).
• Training – A focused instructional experience designed to develop job-related skills with immediate application.
• Teaching – Learning experiences facilitated by a human instructor can occur in different formats (e.g., classroom, online).

Instructional Design as a System and a Discipline

• Systematic Approach – Instructional design is a structured process involving problem-solving, planning, and developing learning materials based on theoretical principles.
• A Discipline – It connects learning theories with educational practices, ensuring optimal learning outcomes through research-based strategies.

The Four Core Components of Instructional Design

1. Learners – Understanding the target audience, their needs, and learning preferences.
2. Objectives – Clearly defining what learners should know or be able to do after the instruction.
3. Methods – Choosing appropriate teaching strategies and learning technologies.
4. Evaluation – Measuring the effectiveness of instruction through assessments and feedback.

The ADDIE Model: Five Phases of Instructional Design

A widely used framework that guides the instructional design process:

1. Analysis – Identifying learning needs, performance gaps, and learner characteristics.
2. Design – Structuring content, selecting learning strategies, and deciding delivery methods.
3. Development – Creating and assembling instructional materials.
4. Implementation – Delivering the instruction to learners.
5. Evaluation – Continuously reviewing and improving the instructional process.

Instructional design is a crucial field that ensures learning experiences are well-structured, engaging, and effective. A systematic approach helps achieve meaningful learning outcomes in education, training, or teaching.